The National Pension System: Everyone Supports Each Other

The National Pension system is a system to help each other in preparation for living of old age, in case of disability or when breadwinner family passed away. The premiums you pay support the elderly and those in difficult situations.

● The Pension System
Everyone between the ages of 20 and 59 living in Japan must enroll in the National Pension system.
Registered foreign residents are also required to enroll. The premiums you pay can be deducted from your taxable income. If you are employed in a company in Japan that has an employee pension system, you are required to enroll in it. The company will complete the enrollment procedures.

There are three types of members:
○ Category 1 insured person: This category includes the self-employed, students, part-time workers, the unemployed, etc. Pension premiums are 16,980 yen per month (FY2024) and must be paid by the member himself/herself.
○ Category 2 insured person: This category includes company employees and public employees who are enrolled in an employee pension system. Pension premiums are deducted from their salaries.
○ Category 3 insured person: This category refers to dependent spouses of category 2 insured persons. Since the pension plan of the category 2 insured person covers the pension premiums, there is no need for the spouse to pay individually.

● When You Receive Pension Benefits
○ Old-Age Basic Pension
As a rule, under the current system, when you turn 65 years of age and if the sum of the following periods listed in (1) through (3) below is ten years or more, you can receive an elderly pension benefit:
(1) Period that pension premiums were paid (including the period that you were a category 2 insured person)
(2) Period that you were a category 3 insured person
(3) Pension premium exemption period, special payment exception period for students, and contribution postponement period (grace period) for low income person
Note: There are also other pension programs, such as the Disability Basic Pension, Survivors’ Basic Pension, widow’s pension, and lump-sum death benefit, each with their own eligibility requirements, such as the payment period of pension premiums.

Lump-Sum Withdrawal Payment System
Foreign residents who leave Japan without fulfilling the requirements for receiving a pension can still receive a lump-sum benefit if they have paid pension premiums for six months or longer, and if they file an application within two years after leaving Japan.

● Complete the Designated Procedures in the Following Cases
If you are under 60 years old, you need to enroll in the system. Please do not forget to file these applications and other notifications.
○ If you leave a company that has an employee pension system: Please complete the designated procedures at the City Office.
○ If you are no longer a category 3 insured person (dependent spouse): If you do not enroll in an employee pension, please complete the designated procedures at the City Office.
○ If you move into the city from overseas (excluding category 2 and 3 insured persons): Please complete the designated procedures at the City Office
Note: When you reach 20 years of age, the Japan Pension Service Office will send you information on how to enroll in the national pension system.

● Please Ask for Advice
○ If you are having difficulty paying your pension premiums, please be aware that there are exemptions and grace period systems you may be able to use depending on your income status. You can apply for these dating back up to two years and one month before you submit your application.
○ If you receive a disability pension (grade 1 or 2), there are programs to exempt your pension premiums.
○ Those who give birth in or after February 2019 must apply for a pension premium exemption.
○ For those whose pension premium payment period or enrollment period is less than ten years or who cannot fulfill other pension benefit requirements, it may be possible to extend enrollment in the National Pension even after reaching 60 years of age.

Inquiries:
• National Pension Subsection, National Health Insurance and Pension Section
(Hon Chosha 4F Tel: 03-5742-6682 and 6683, Fax: 03-5742-6876)
• Shinagawa Pension Office
(Kotoku Bldg. 2F, 5-1-5 Osaki, Tel: 03-3494-7831, Fax: 03-3779-3449)